A Study of Acoustic Emission Based RA-AF Characteristics of Polypropylene Fiber-Reinforced Recycled Aggregate Concrete Under Uniaxial Compression
Abstract
In order to research the acoustic emission characteristics of polypropylene fiber-reinforced recycled aggregate concrete under uniaxial load, 20 groups of test specimens with a coarse aggregate substitution rate of 25 % and 50 % are designed and fabricated to conduct the acoustic emission test under uniaxial compression, and the evolution laws of the acoustic emission b-value, the cracking modes and the acoustic emission RA-AF moving averages with time are studied. The laws of influence of the coarse aggregate substitution rate and coarse-fine polypropylene fiber on the acoustic emission b-value of RAC are discussed. The K-means clustering method is adopted for two-dimensional clustering analysis of the shear cracking and tensile cracking, and then the SVM is used to obtain the boundary between the two types of clusters. The time distribution laws of shear cracking and tensile cracking of the polypropylene fiber-reinforced recycled aggregate concrete are analyzed. The changes in the moving averages of RA and AF of RAC test specimens with time are studied, and the research indicates that as the RA value decreases, the shear cracking gradually reduces and the tensile cracking gradually increases and dominates.Keywords:
polypropylene fiber-reinforced recycled aggregate concrete, acoustic emission characteristics, b-value, RA-AF, moving averageReferences
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2. Adamczak-Bugno A., Swit G., Krampikowska A., Proverbio E. (2022b), Analysis of the significance of changes in the number and energy parameters of acoustic emission signals on the assessment of the strength of fibre-cement boards, Materials, 15(16): 5757, https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15165757
3. Aki K. (1965), Maximum likelihood estimate of b in the formula logN = a − bM and its confidence limits, Bulletin of the Earthquake Research Institute (Tokyo), 43: 237–239.
4. Assaggaf R., Maslehuddin M., Al-Osta M.A., Al-Dulaijan S.U., Ahmad S. (2022), Properties and sustainability of treated crumb rubber concrete, Journal of Building Engineering, 51: 104250, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2022.104250
5. Bai W.F., Shen J.X., Guan J.F., Wang J.Y., Yuan C.Y. (2022), Study on compressive mechanical properties of recycled aggregate concrete with silica fume at different strain rates, Materials Today Communications, 31: 103444, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtcomm.2022.103444
6. Belmokaddem M., Mahi A., Senhadji Y., Pekmezci B.Y. (2020), Mechanical and physical properties and morphology of concrete containing plastic waste as aggregate, Construction and Building Materials, 257: 119559, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.119559
7. Chen D.L. et al. (2022), Effect of attenuation on amplitude distribution and b value in rock acoustic emission tests, Geophysical Journal International, 229(2): 933–947, https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggab480
8. De Smedt M., Vandecruys E., Vrijdaghs R., Verstrynge E., Vandewalle L. (2022), Acoustic emission-based damage analysis of steel fibre reinforced concrete in uniaxial tension tests, Construction and Building Materials, 321: 126254, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2021.126254
9. Essassi K., Rebiere J.L., El Mahi A., Amine Ben Souf M., Bouguecha A., Haddar M. (2021), Health monitoring of sandwich composites with auxetic core subjected to indentation tests using acoustic emission, Structural Health Monitoring, 21(5): 2264–2275, https://doi.org/10.1177/14759217211053991
10. Fardoun H., Saliba J., Saiyouri N. (2022), Evolution of acoustic emission activity throughout fine recycled aggregate earth concrete under compressive tests, Theoretical and Applied Fracture Mechanics, 119: 103365, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tafmec.2022.103365
11. GB/T 50081-2019 (2019), Code for test methods of physical and mechanical properties of concrete [in Chinese], China Architecture & Building Press, Beijing.
12. Goyal P., Sharma S., Kwatra N. (2021), Evaluation of damage in GFRP repaired steel fiber reinforced concrete beams using acoustic emission technique, Structural Concrete, 23(2): 907–922, https://doi.org/10.1002/suco.202100408
13. Goyal P., Sharma S., Kwatra N. (2022), Acoustic emission monitoring of steel fiber reinforced beams under simultaneous corrosion and sustained loading, European Journal of Environmental and Civil Engineering, 27(4): 1535–1560, https://doi.org/10.1080/19648189.2022.2087743
14. Greenhough J., Main I.G. (2008), A Poisson model for earthquake frequency uncertainties in seismic hazard analysis, Geophysical Research Letters, 35(19): L19313, https://doi.org/10.1029/2008GL035353
15. Guo M.H., Alam S.Y., Bendimerad A.Z., Grondin F., Roziere E., Loukili A. (2017), Fracture process zone characteristics and identification of the micro-fracture phases in recycled concrete, Engineering Fracture Mechanics, 181: 101–115, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engfracmech.2017.07.004
16. Gutenberg B., Richter C.F. (1944), Frequency of earthquakes in California, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 34(4): 185–188, https://doi.org/10.1785/BSSA0340040185
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22. Liu X.L., Liu Z., Li X.B., Gong F.Q., Du K. (2020b), Experimental study on the effect of strain rate on rock acoustic emission characteristics, International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences, 133(9): 104420, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmms.2020.104420
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27. Prem P.R., Verma M., Ambily P.S. (2018), Sustainable cleaner production of concrete with high volume copper slag, Journal of Cleaner Production, 193: 43–58, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.04.245
28. Prem P.R., Verma M., Ambily P.S. (2021), Damage characterization of reinforced concrete beams under different failure modes using acoustic emission, Structures, 30: 174–187, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.istruc.2021.01.007
29. Unander T.E. (1993), The effect of attenuation on b-values in acoustic emission measurements – A theoretical investigation, International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Science & Geomechanics Abstracts, 30(7): 947–950, https://doi.org/10.1016/0148-9062%2893%2990050-N
30. Utsu T. (1965), A method for determining the value of b in a formula log n = a−bm showing the magnitude-frequency relation for earthquakes, Geophysical Bulletin of Hokkaido University, 13: 99–103.
31. Vapnik V.N. (1999), An overview of statistical learning theory, [in:] IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks, 10(5): 988–999, https://doi.org/10.1109/72.788640
32. Watanabe T., Nishibata S., Hashimoto C., Ohtsu M. (2007), Compressive failure in concrete of recycled aggregate by acoustic emission, Construction and Building Materials, 21(3): 470–476, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2006.04.002
33. Weiss J. (1997), The role of attenuation on acoustic emission amplitude distributions and b-values, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 87(5): 1362–1367, https://doi.org/10.1785/BSSA0870051362
34. Xargay H., Ripani M., Folino P., Nunez N., Caggiano A. (2021), Acoustic emission and damage evolution in steel fiber-reinforced concrete beams under cyclic loading, Construction and Building Materials, 274: 121831, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.121831
35. Zhang L. (2020), Study on Damage Evaluation Mechanism of Recycled Concrete in Cold Area [in Chinese], Inner Mongolia University.
